Anal cancer occurs when cancer cells form within the tissues of the anus. The anal canal or anus is a short tube at the end of large intestine and below the rectum through which stool leaves the body.
Anal cancer is a rare condition that may produce symptoms such as bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump that forms in the area. If anal cancer is diagnosed, depending on the stage of the disease, treatment may include radiation, chemotherapy, or surgery.
While the cause of anal cancer is not always known, there are risks that may increase the chance of developing anal cancer. People infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV) have a greater risk of developing anal cancer, and there is also an increased risk for those who:
People with suppressed immune systems or who take medication that suppresses their immune system, are also at risk for developing anal cancer.
Symptoms of anal cancer include a mass or growth in the anus or rectum as well as:
A change in bowel habits may also be a sign of anal cancer.